| Introduction |
Introduction
- wiild mammals are a major part of the Alaskan native subsistance lifestyle.
Many herd annimals are to be found on the Arctic tundra including caribou,
moose, musk-oxen and Dall sheep. In addition to the herd annimals, native
cultures hunt bear, beaver, arctic fox, rabbit and badger for their
fur which is very useful for clothing and decoration. Eskimo people
also hunt a wide variety of sea mammals and freshwater / saltwater fishes.
Seal oil is highly prized and is considered a normal part of many meals.
Several varieties of whales are also hunted along coastal regions. Seasonally,
the people collect bird eggs and also hunt ducks and parmidgeon. Most
households hold many members of an extended family and cooking is usually
accomplished by having a very large pot of soup or stew made from whatever
meat and vegetables are handy. Women and children collect blueberries,
salmonberries, blackberries and cranberries which are then frozen until
they are made into either pies or Eskamo ice cream, a mixture of berries
and carabou fat or Crisco. While most families have freezers, native
populations utilized earthern storage bins cut directly into the permafrost.
The custom is still to eat many of these foods in their frozen state,
thus saving a costly expenditure of fuel. Many types of meat and fish
were sun dried or smoked to preserve them for winter use. These foods
were also eaten without heating or cooking them. Usually, if seal oil
is available, the dried fish is dipped in seal oil then eaten.
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